Definition | Causes | Risk Factors | Symptoms | Diagnosis | Treatment | Prevention

Definition

Dysthymia is similar to depression. However, dysthymia symptoms are milder and can last over two years. It is a mild to moderate depression that may go away during periods of normal mood that last up to two months.

Dysthymia can be treated with medications. Contact your doctor if you think you have this condition.

Causes

The cause of dysthymia is not known. A chemical in the brain called serotonin may play a role. Serotonin helps your brain handle emotions and make judgments. It is also associated with a sense of well-being.

Brainstem—Location of Serotonin Production

Brainstem and brain
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Risk Factors

Dysthymia is more common in women than in men. Factors that may increase your chance of developing dysthymia include:

  • Family history of major depression or dysthymia
  • Chronic mental or physical illness
  • Chronic stress

People who have dysthymia may also experience episodes of major depression.

Symptoms

Dysthymia may be difficult to differentiate from depression due to many overlapping symptoms which may include:

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical and psychological exam will be given.

Your doctor may refer you to a specialist for further evaluation. Tests may be done to look for medical causes like thyroid problems.

Treatment

Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Treatment may include one or more of the following:

Antidepressant medications may help to manage symptoms. Antidepressants take a few weeks to begin working. Take them as directed by your doctor.

Therapy can help change unhealthy thought patterns. Psychotherapy may include:

In addition to medications and therapy, the following lifestyle modifications may help you feel better:

Prevention

There are no guidelines for preventing dysthymia.