Definition | Causes | Risk Factors | Symptoms | Diagnosis | Treatment | Prevention

Definition

Adenovirus infection is an infection caused by a virus. The infection can lead to:

  • The common cold, bronchitis, or pneumonia
  • Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye
  • Stomach flu
  • Urinary tract infections

The infection passes easily from person to person but is rarely serious.

Causes

The infection is caused by a type of virus called an adenovirus. There are several types of these viruses. These viruses are able to infect mucus membranes that are found in:.

  • Respiratory tract
  • Eyes
  • Intestines
  • Urinary tract

The Upper Respiratory Tract

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Risk Factors

These infections are very common in children. The following factors may increase the risk of an adenovirus infection:

  • Weakened immunity
  • Exposure to a sneeze or cough of an infected person
  • Exposure to the stool of an infected person
  • Living in close contact with others such as military units, schools, or summer camps
  • Handling an object that was exposed to an infected person
  • Exposure to water contaminated with adenovirus

Symptoms

Symptoms will depend on where the infection is. Symptoms of adenovirus infection may include:

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.

Your doctor may take some samples. The samples will be used to confirm the presence of an adenovirus. The type of sample will depend on your symptoms. Your doctor may test one or more of the following:

  • Mucous from mouth or nose
  • Stool
  • Blood
  • Urine

Treatment

There are no specific treatments for adenoviruses. The infections will usually end on their own. Support treatment may be needed with severe infections. Talk with your doctor about the best plan for you.

Treatment options include:

The following steps may help you be more comfortable:

  • Get plenty of rest
  • Drink plenty of fluids
  • Use a humidifier or vaporizer
  • Take acetaminophen or other over-the-counter medicines if you have discomfort

If you have conjunctivitis, your doctor may have you use warm compresses. You may also be asked to use eye ointments or drops.

Severe diarrhea or vomiting can lead to dehydration. Fluids may need to be given by IV.

Infections can be more severe in people with a weak immune system. This may include people with organ transplants, HIV/AIDS, or medical treatments for chronic diseases. Medication may be needed to reduce the intensity of the infection. Talk to your doctor if you have a weakened immune system..

Prevention

The best way to prevent adenovirus infection is to:

  • Avoid contact with infected persons.
  • Wash hands often.
  • Wash and clean common surfaces, such as countertops or toys.
  • Avoid touching your nose, mouth, and eyes.
  • Keep adequate amounts of chlorine in swimming pools. This will help prevent outbreaks of conjunctivitis associated with pools.

Military personnel aged 17 to 50 years of age may be eligible to get the adenovirus vaccine. It is available in a pill form.