Definition | Reasons for Procedure | Possible Complications | What to Expect | Call Your Doctor

Definition

This is the surgical removal of the leg below the knee.

Reasons for Procedure

Possible Complications

Your doctor will review the possible complications. These may include:

Factors that may increase your risk of complications include:

  • Poor blood flow
  • Diabetes
  • Infection or open leg/foot ulcers
  • Not being able to move for a long time
  • Heart disease
  • Smoking or lung disease
  • Increased age
  • History of clotting or bleeding disorders

Talk to your doctor about these risks before surgery.

What to Expect

If your surgery is planned, your doctor will review the surgery and what to expect. He will talk to you about how you are going to move after surgery. You may need a prosthesis (artificial limb), walker , crutches , wheelchair , or a combination of these.

At your appointment before your surgery, your doctor may:

  • Examine your leg (check pulses, skin temperature, skin appearance, and sensitivity to touch)
  • Ask you questions like:
    • What kind of help do you have at home?
    • Would you like to talk to a therapist about the amputation?

You should ask your doctor questions like:

  • What kind of rehabilitation will I need?
  • How long will my recovery be?

Before surgery, you may:

  • See a physical therapist who will explain rehabilitation after surgery.
  • Be asked not to eat or drink for 8-12 hours before your surgery—Ask your doctor if you should take regular medicines with a sip of water before surgery.
  • Talk to your doctor about your medicines. You may be asked to stop taking some medicines up to one week before the surgery. Medicines stopped may include:
    • Anti-inflammatory drugs (eg, aspirin )
    • Blood thinners like clopidogrel (Plavix) or warfarin (Coumadin)

General anesthesia or regional anesthesia will be used. General anesthesia will block pain and keep you asleep during surgery. It is given through an IV. Regional anesthesia will numb your leg and the surrounding area. You may also receive IV sedation.

After you are asleep and no longer feeling pain, a breathing tube will be placed in a patient having general anesthesia. The doctor will make a cut in the skin below the knee. The muscles will be separated and blood vessels clamped. A special saw will be used to cut through the bone. The muscles will be sewn and shaped so that a stump is formed to cushion the bone. Nerves will be separated and placed so that they do not cause pain. Blood vessels will be tied off. The skin will be closed over the muscles, forming the stump. Drains may be inserted into the stump to drain blood for the first few days. A dressing and compression stocking will be placed over the stump.

Below-the-Knee Amputation

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A cut is made below the knee.
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.

You will be taken to the recovery room for observation. Your breathing tube will be removed. You will be transferred to your hospital room for recovery.

Several hours (depending on your health and the reason for the surgery)

You will not feel pain during surgery. You will be given pain medicine after surgery. You may feel phantom pain. If you do, tell your doctor.

5-14 days (Your doctor may choose to keep you longer if complications occur.)

  • You will receive antibiotics to prevent infection.
  • You may be taught how to change your dressing.
  • Physical therapy will begin in the hospital. Your therapist will show you how to stretch your hip and leg muscles to maintain range of motion. You will learn how to get in and out of bed and how to put weight on your leg. You may be taught how to use crutches, a walker, or a wheelchair until you can be fitted with a prosthesis.

You may be asked to move your stump often while you are in the hospital. This will allow for circulation and prevent contractures (stiffening causing loss of joint movement).

When you return home, do the following to help ensure a smooth recovery:

  • Get help from family and friends.
  • Change your bandages. Replace them with sterile bandages.
  • You will need to continue physical therapy. It will help you build strength and maintain range of motion. You will also learn how use a prosthesis.
  • Take care of your stump and prosthesis.
  • Many people feel depressed after this type of surgery. Consider talking to a therapist or psychologist.
  • Check with your doctor about which medicines to take at home.
  • Ask your doctor when it is safe to shower, bathe, or soak in water.
  • Be sure to follow your doctor's instructions .

Call Your Doctor

After you leave the hospital, call your doctor if any of the following occurs:

In case of an emergency, call for medical help right away.